Tunisia is undertaking significant and urgent efforts to preserve the Sloughi, an ancient sighthound breed that holds a special place in the country’s cultural heritage. The Central Canine Tunisienne (CCT) estimates that fewer than 200 purebred Sloughis remain within Tunisia today, sparking concern over the breed’s survival and prompting a structured conservation programme.
The Sloughi, often referred to as the Arab or Berber greyhound, has been closely associated with North African nomadic tribes for centuries. Its lean, muscular body, remarkable speed, and keen hunting instincts made it an invaluable partner for hunting game and protecting livestock. Historically, the Sloughi was more than just a working dog; it was a cherished companion, frequently living alongside its owners and revered within tribal communities.
However, several factors have contributed to the sharp decline in purebred Sloughi populations in recent decades. Uncontrolled crossbreeding with other sighthound breeds has diluted the breed’s genetic purity, while the erosion of traditional nomadic lifestyles has reduced the environment in which the Sloughi thrived. Additionally, urbanisation and modernisation have shifted societal structures, diminishing the role and presence of the breed. The combined effect has placed the Sloughi on the brink of extinction in its country of origin.
In response to this pressing situation, the Central Canine Tunisienne has initiated a comprehensive conservation programme. The first phase involves a meticulous survey and identification of all remaining purebred Sloughis across the country. The CCT is working to establish a provisional breed standard that will help distinguish authentic Sloughis from mixed-breed dogs. Following this, the programme will implement controlled breeding practices over at least three generations to rebuild and strengthen the genetic pool. The ultimate goal is to submit documentation to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) to secure official international recognition for the Sloughi as a distinct and protected breed.
The cultural significance of the Sloughi extends far beyond its physical characteristics. This breed represents a living piece of Tunisia’s intangible heritage, embodying centuries of tradition and the bond between humans and animals in North African societies. Preserving the Sloughi is therefore not only about maintaining biodiversity but also about protecting a vital element of Tunisia’s history and identity.
Local breeders and communities have shown strong support for the conservation initiative, especially in areas like Douz, where the breed has traditionally been most prevalent. These breeders advocate for a return to established breeding methods that prioritise genetic purity and discourage uncontrolled hybridisation. They also call for greater government involvement, including funding and legislative measures, to protect the Sloughi and raise public awareness of its endangered status. The Sloughi’s future depends on the cooperation of breeders, government authorities, and conservationists to reverse decades of decline. If successful, this programme will not only save an ancient breed from extinction but also ensure that future generations can continue to appreciate the Sloughi as a living symbol of Tunisia’s rich cultural and natural heritage. The ongoing efforts reflect a deep commitment to preserving this remarkable breed and the traditions it represents.
