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Viral Trending content > Blog > World News > BREXIT fallout, defence spending, and business confidence: Where the UK economy stands in 2025
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BREXIT fallout, defence spending, and business confidence: Where the UK economy stands in 2025

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Can increased UK defence spending boost the economy?UK business confidence split: IoD optimism clashes with CBI warnings

UK business confidence split.

Credit: PublicDomainPictures, Pixabay

Over in Dublin, Bank of England Governor Andrew Bailey took to the podium recently with some plain-speaking on the Brexit aftermath. While he stopped short of saying Brexit was a mistake, he didn’t hold back on the economic hangover.

“Brexit has weighed on UK growth and productivity,” he admitted, calling for deeper ties with the EU to soften the blow, particularly in the world of financial services.

“There is merit in seeking to increase the openness of our financial markets by reducing non-tariff barriers,” Bailey said. Translation: less red tape, more trade.

The BoE boss backed Starmer’s new reset agreement, echoing Chancellor Rachel Reeves’ push for alignment in “mature industries” like chemicals. He also floated ideas for closer regulatory harmony in areas like money market funds — a quiet nod to the shared benefits of cooperation, not confrontation.

Can increased UK defence spending boost the economy?

Chancellor Rachel Reeves is betting big on bombs to boost Britain’s bottom line—vowing to transform the UK into a “defence industrial superpower” by funnelling billions into homegrown drones, AI weaponry and tech-savvy start-ups.

With plans to ramp up defence spending to 2.5% of GDP by 2027—and possibly 3% by 2030—Reeves is swapping bean-counting for bomb-building in a bold bid to turn bullets into business.

But while Europe flirts with “military Keynesianism”, critics warn Britain may be stuck in a fiscal crossfire—cutting other investments while half our kit is still bought from abroad.

The payoff? If targeted right, defence spending could fuel a tech boom with economic returns up to double the investment. If not, we’ll just be shelling out—while American arms firms laugh all the way to the bank.

UK business confidence split: IoD optimism clashes with CBI warnings

It’s a tale of two forecasts—and the glass is either half full or leaking badly, depending on who you ask. The Institute of Directors (IoD) is raising a cautious toast to recovery, reporting the sharpest leap in business confidence since August 2024, with its optimism index climbing from -51 to -35 in May.

Meanwhile, the Confederation of British Industry (CBI) is sounding the alarm, finding “little sign of summer cheer” as expectations across services, distribution and manufacturing sectors nosedive to levels not seen since 2022.

While the IoD highlights rising export, revenue, and wage expectations, the CBI warns that weak demand and surging employer costs are fuelling pessimism.

Both agree on the culprits—geopolitical jitters, cybersecurity fears, and global slowdown—but their tone couldn’t be more different. One sees green shoots in defence, energy and EU ties; the other sees withering demand and businesses bracing for impact.

With the Spending Review looming, all eyes are on Westminster to stop the drift—or risk watching UK plc stall just as it was warming up.

From Brexit’s lingering bite and Bailey’s call for closer EU ties, to Reeves’ defence-spending gamble and a business sector split between hope and hesitation, the UK economy stands at a crossroads—will Westminster seize the moment or let the momentum slip away?

Stay tuned to the viraltrendingcontent for more fresh UK news.

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